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Social Control and Multiple Discovery in Science
The Opiate Receptor Case
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| Summary |
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Recognition for accomplishment is a major institutional reward in the scientific community, thus regulating disputes over credit for discovery, can be viewed as an important problem in social control. Cozzens examines a well-known dispute -- one that took place with the discovery of the opiate receptor in neuropharmacological research.
The issues Cozzens discusses -- priority disputes, social control, and norms and morals -- are important throughout the sciences; they are crucial factors in the lives of scientists, the functioning of scientific communities, and the day-to-day operations of scientific organizations.
"The study produces significant advances in the understanding of the social structure and the norms of science. Science is a vital component of modern society, and it is therefore highly important that a wide public understand not only the outputs of science but the social processes related to the making of discoveries. It is not enough to communicate that scientists are 'human'(i.e., competitive or vulnerable or dishonest); it is necessary to appreciate the social system in which they operate. This book contributes such insight. Cozzens has excellent command of the literature on scientific discovery and takes imaginative advantage of her familiarity with the relatively new method of citation analysis." -- Elinor G. Barber, Institute of International Education
"This book will be standard reading for all sociologists who are keen on contemporary science studies." -- Dr. Augustine Brannigan, University of Calgary
Susan E. Cozzens is Assistant Professor in the Department of Science and Technology Studies at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
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Table of Contents
List of Tables
Preface
1. Introduction
Priority Disputes
Third Parties
Moral Response
2. The Similarity Dilemma
Individual and Culture
Community and Culture
The Operational Problem of Similarity
A Different Problem of Similarity
3. Defining the Discovery
Issues in Priority Disputes
The Meaning of Priority
The Problem of Assigning Priority
Rules or Criteria?
The Theory of Third Parties
Moral Response
4. The Case Study
Drug Receptors
The Opiate Breakthrough
Discovery?
Impact
The Data
Choice of Case Study
5. Discoveries
The Opiate Receptor Hypothesis
Claims to the Discovery
Similarities and Differences
The Eureka Syndrome
6. Agreements and Disagreements
A Similarity Dilemma
Conflict and Accommodation
Broken Peace
Moral Force
Goldstein: Success or Failure?
Terenius: The Optional Co-Discoverer
Terenius on the Multiple
Overall Generosity
A Note on the Priority Issues
7. Third Parties as Bystanders
Interviews
Involvement
Issues
Importance
Credit-Seeking Behavior
Snyder's Style
Self-Criticism
The Structure of Ambivalence
8. Recognition
News Items
Review Literature
Experimental Literature
Summary
9. Multiple Discovery and Social Control
The Identity of the Discovery
Sociological Ambivalence
Justice
Third Party Roles
Social Control in Science
Appendices
A. Interviews
B. Contents of the Discovery Papers
C. Letter of Introduction 1
D. Letter of Introduction 2
E. Description of Citing Article Data Base
Notes
Bibliography
Index
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| Related Subjects
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25240/24715(//)
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