Acknowledgments
Note on Transliteration
Introduction
Part One: Dissemination
1. From Transoxania to the Ottoman Lands
The Birth of a Tariqa: From Khwajagan to Naqshbandiyya
Agents of Transmission
In the Shadow of Safavid Persecution
Safavid Power and Changing Patterns of Communications
Conclusion
2. Istanbul
Establishing a Presence
Spiritual Lines and Continuity
Tekkes and Institutional Arrangements
Penetrating Society
Waqf-Making and the Women of the Tariqa
3. Anatolia and the Balkans
Capital and Province, Town and Countryside
The Balkans
Kurdistan
A Charismatic Shaykh and His Demise
Bursa
4. Arabia
Constraints on Early Transmission
An Indian Transplant and His Arabian Disciples
Teaching in Multiple Tariqas
Conclusion
Part Two: The Politics and Culture of a Tariqa
5. Devotional Practice and the Construction of Orthodoxy
"Acting with Strictness"
Sobriety in Devotional Practice
Communicating with the "Friends of God"
Teaching Ibn al-'Arabi
Bakri Genealogy: From a Spiritual to a Political Marker?
Conclusion
6. Politics of Sunnism, Battles over Orthodoxy
Ahrarian Politics and the Ottoman Environment
"Bringing the Heterodox to Heel"
A Thesis Revisited
A Naqshbandi Kadizadeli
7. Organizational and Cultural Modes
"The Shadow of the Shaykh is Better than Dhikr"
Bequeathing Spiritual Authority and Sending off Khalifas
Tariqa, Silsila, and Pride of Affiliation
Travel, Language, and the Tariqa as Interregional Network
Conclusion
Notes
Glossary
Bibliography
Index