Acknowledgments
Preface
1. The Nature of Tea Ritual
Introduction
Putting This Research in Context
Some Fundamental Ideas About Tea Ritual
About This Book
Part I: The History of Chanoyu
2. The Beginning of the Road
The Religious Components of Chinese Tea Ritual
Assessing Chinese Tea Ritual
3. Tea Comes To Japan
Early Japanese Contact with Tea
Eisai, Rinzai Zen, and Tea
Tea Competitions
Further Zen Influences on Tea
Noami's Attempt to Reconcile Zen Tea with the Tea of the Elites
Murata Shuko Introduces the Wabi-Style
A Brief Review of Japanese Tea Ritual Through the Ashikaga Era
4. The Samurai and the Merchant Tea Masters
Joo Establishes the Sakai School
The Era of Sen Rikyu
5. Sen Rikyu's Achievements in Tea
Sources of Information
Rikyu's Contribution to Tea Philosophy
Rikyu As a Teacher
Rikyu in Retrospect
6. Sen Rikyu's Legacy
Tea As An Adaptive Mechanism
Hideyoshi's Final Years
Establishing the Sen Family Schools of Tea
Tea During the Early Tokugawa Period
Tea in the Late Edo Period
Conclusion
Part II: Organization in the Tea World
7. Tea School Structure
Historical Influences on Sen Family Structure
Ie, Dozoku, and Iemoto Defined
Urasenke as Ie
Urasenke in the Context of the Dozoku
The Iemoto
The Utility of Family-Dominated Tea Schools
8. Learning the Grammar of Tea Ritual
Introduction
The Master-Disciple Relationship
Temae: Specific Tea Procedures
The Main Classes of Tea Gatherings
Seven Principle Types of Chaji
The Yearly Cycle of Tea
Part III: A Model Shogo Chaji
9. Behind the Scenes
Examining a Model Chaji from the Structuralist Perspective
Preliminary Preparations for Chaji
10. The Event Begins
The Guests Arrive
Symbolism in Traditional Clothing and Accessories for Tea
Machiai, Koshikake Machiai, and Outer Roji
11. Physical Aspects of the Ritual Environment
The Inner Roji
Teahouse Architecture
Viewing the Tokonoma and Utensil Area
The Tearoom as Cognitive Model
12. Shoiri-The First Half og the Chaji
Exchanging Greetings
The Kaiseki Meal
Shozumi--The First Charcoal Preparation
Omogashi--The Main Sweets
13. The Break and the Return to the Tearoom
Reflecting on Shoiri, The First Half of the Tea Ritual
Nakadachi--The Middle Break
Tea Flowers and Their Containers
Viewing Utensils Used for Koicha
14. Thick Tea Preparation
Koicha Begins
Preparing and Drinking Thick Tea
The Guests Ask To See the Utensils
15. The Preparation of Thin Tea
Gozumi--The Second Charcoal Temae
Usucha--The Thin Tea Portion of the Chaji
16. Interpreting Tea Ritual
The Objectives of Tea Ritual
The Four Integral Ordering Principles of Chado
Integrating Tea into Daily Life
Tea in a Cultural Context
Tea for the Twenty-first Century
The Temae Appendix
The Toriawase Appendix
Notes
Glossary
Tea Bibliography
English Language Sources
Japanese Language Sources
Japanese Culture Biblography
Selected General Bibliography
Figures
Figure 11.1
Figure 16.1