List of Figures
Acknowledgments
Map
Introduction
I. Historical Background of Elephanta
Before and After the Kalacuris
The Kalacuris
II. Previous Descriptions of Elephanta and Its Sculptures
Early Descriptions to ca. A.D. 1800
Nineteenth-Century Descriptions of Elephanta
Modern Scholarship on Elephanta
III. Mythological Sources for the Elephanta Sculptures
Vedic Antecedents
The Epic Literature
The Puranic Literature
Secular Literature
IV. Iconographical Analysis of the Elephanta Sculptures
Ravana Shaking Mt. Kailasa
Siva as Ascetic: Lakulisa
Siva Dancing
Siva Slaying the Demon Andhaka
Marriage of Siva and Parvati
Siva as Supporter of Ganga (Descent of the Ganges)
Sica as Half-female
Siva and Parvati on Mt. Kailasa
Siva Mahadeva: Mahesamurti
V. Artistic Sources and Parallels of the Elephanta Sculptures
The Narrative Reliefs
Siva as Ascetic: Lakulisa
Siva Mahadeva: Mahesamurti
VI. The Elephanta Sculptures and the Lakulisa-Pasupata Sect
The Pasupata Sutra
The Ganakarika
Elephanta and the Ritual of the Lakulisa-Pasupatas
Other Ritual Aspects at Elephanta
Other Ritual Aspects at Related Monuments
Conclusion
Appendix A: Evidence for a Dedication Panel at Elephanta
Appendix B: The Saiva Aiduka and a Motif at Elephanta
Notes
Bibliography
Figures
Index