Rediscovering America's Sacred Ground

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Rediscovering America's Sacred Ground
Public Religion and Pursuit of the Good in a Pluralistic America

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Barbara A. McGraw - Author

SUNY series, Religion and American Public Life

N/A
Hardcover - 259 pages

Release Date: April 2003

ISBN10: 0-7914-5705-2
ISBN13: 978-0-7914-5705-4

Price: $32.95
Paperback - 259 pages

Release Date: April 2003

ISBN10: 0-7914-5706-0
ISBN13: 978-0-7914-5706-1

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Summary

Sees a way out of the contentious debates over the role of religion in American public life by looking back to the ideas of John Locke and the nation's Founders.

"I would rank this book as one of the best to come out in recent years in addressing the religious/secular dimensions of the American socio-political order." — Derek H. Davis, Journal of Church and State

"This nation badly needs the balanced, responsible analysis of the proper role of religion in our society that is offered in this book. Acceptance of 'America's Sacred Ground' by all parties can provide the basis for civil discourse and moving ahead into new grounds." –– John B. Cobb Jr., Founding Co-Director of the Center for Process Studies and Professor Emeritus, Claremont School of Theology and Claremont Graduate School

"[An] important book. … Recommended." — CHOICE

"[A] worthy-of-attention … argument designed to help change the circumstances of public discourse." — Martin Marty, Sightings, Martin Marty Center at the University of Chicago Divinity School

"In a field strewn with ideological jeremiads, McGraw offers a nuanced interpretation of the public role of religion that respects both the potential contribution of religion to political dialogues and the dangers of imposing doctrine by fiat. I strongly recommend Rediscovering America's Sacred Ground." — Kenneth D. Wald, Professor of Political Science, University of Florida and author of Religion and Politics in the United States, Fourth Edition

"In these difficult and frightening times, McGraw argues convincingly that the usual labeling of the 'religious right and the secular left' is simply wrong. For public discussion of religion to be safe, all parties must consent to a framework that encourages persuasion and rejects legal imposition of private values onto the entire population. McGraw argues persuasively that such a vision originally empowered the American republic and that it is of utmost importance to rediscover that 'sacred ground' now." — Rita M. Gross, Professor Emerita of Comparative Studies in Religion, University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire and author of Buddhism After Patriarchy: A Feminist History, Analysis, and Reconstruction of Buddhism

"McGraw's voice is articulate and strong, challenging the reader to consider the commonalities often unnoticed between the right and left in the United States. … [H]er book should serve as an essential resource for those seeking to understand the culture wars and make sense of the current American religio-political landscape." — Political Science Quarterly

"McGraw argues convincingly throughout this work that America does not necessarily have a faith or a God but instead simply faith and God: 'the faith of all people who seek truth and goodness under a system of government that preserves to all the equal freedom to answer when God, however known or understood, calls.' … [She] makes clear … that the fundamental sacredness for one and all is the principle of freedom of conscience upon which all viable debate and individual search for the good rest. … Rediscovering America's Sacred Ground could not be more wholeheartedly recommended." — Michael York, The Pomegranate

Returning to the ideas of John Locke and the Founders themselves, Barbara A. McGraw examines the debate about the role of religion in American public life and unravels the confounded rhetoric on all sides. She reveals that no group has been standing on proper ground and that all sides have misused terminology (religion/secular), dichotomies (public/private), and concepts (separation of church and state) in ways that have little relevance to the original intentions of the Founders. She rediscovers a theology underlying the founding documents of the nation that is neither anyone's particular religion nor one requiring religion. Instead, it justifies freedom of conscience for all and provides a two-tiered public forum—a civic public forum and a conscientious public forum—for the debate itself and the actions that debate inspires. America's Sacred Ground—this theology and its public forum—determines the meaning of freedom and the ways in which Americans can pursue "the good": good government, good communities, good families, good relations between individuals, and good individuals from a plurality of perspectives. By exploring our past, McGraw answers the critical question, Who are we as a people and what do we stand for?

"This is a significant contribution to our public life that points beyond the current impasse between the religious right and the secular left. A most exciting work." — Mary Doak, University of Notre Dame

"Barbara McGraw brilliantly and convincingly argues that the Framers of the U.S. Constitution believed they were designing a government that could put into practice the ideals announced in the Declaration of Independence. These ideals, in their minds, existed before the design; they are the 'religion' behind the Constitution. Persons who argue for a 'living' Constitution have it right, therefore, and dissenters (including some on the current U.S. Supreme Court) have it wrong. All students of constitutional law reading McGraw's book will learn why." — Phillip E. Hammond, author of With Liberty for All: Freedom of Religion in the United States

Barbara A. McGraw, JD, PhD, is Professor of Social Ethics, Law and Public Life and Director of the Center for Engaged Religious Pluralism at Saint Mary’s College of California. She is coeditor (with Jo Renee Formicola) of Taking Religious Pluralism Seriously: Spiritual Politics on America’s Sacred Ground and coauthor (with Robert S. Ellwood) of Many Peoples, Many Faiths: Women and Men in the World Religions, Ninth Edition.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments

PROLOGUE

1. TOWARD A DEBATE ON COMMON GROUND

At the Crossroads of the Twenty-First Century
Roots of the Conflict
Original Intent and the Religion Clauses: At the Core of the Debate
Entering the Fray
On Looking Back to Rediscover America's Moral Foundations
A Few Definitions

Part I. Looking Back to Rediscover America's Sacred Ground

2. REDISCOVERING THE ROOTS OF AMERICA'S SACRED GROUND IN JOHN LOCKE

John Locke: Prophet of America
Locke's Political Theology: Locating the Sacred Center in Each Individual's Relationship with God
The Social Contract as Society's Sacred Ground
Aiming for the Kingdom of God Requires "Just Bounds" between Civil Government and Churches
Rediscovering the Individual as the Sole Authority over Conscience and the Authentic Religious Community as a Free and Voluntary Call to Conscience
Setting the "Just Bounds" between Individual Conscience's Moral Choice and the State
Rethinking the Private/Public Dichotomy in Locke's Political Theology and the "Public" Role of Religion
Rediscovering the Moral Ground of Locke's Political Theology
Distinguishing Locke's Reasonable Christianity from His Political Theology
Creating the Political Context for the Realization of the True and the Good

3. THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION: ESTABLISHING AMERICA'S SACRED GROUND

Rediscovering John Locke in the Revolutionary Spirit
Rediscovering the Religious Roots of the American Political System
The States: Toward Government that Ensures Freedom of Conscience and Seeks to Promote a Good Society
The United States: Toward Government that Ensures Freedom of Conscience and Creates the Context for the Search for the True and the Good
Exploring the Theological Terrain of America's Sacred Ground
Comparing the Moral Terrain of America's Sacred Ground with the Moral Order of Overarching Worldview Approaches to Government
The Civic and Conscientious Morality of the Two-Tiered Public Forum
The Role of Religion in the Public Forum and in the Pursuit of the Good
America's Sacred Ground: The Foundation for Pluralism and Multiculturalism that Refutes the Claims of Moral Relativity
America's Sacred Ground as the Common Good: Where Religious Voices are Prominent and Truth Can Shift for Herself

Part II. Rooting the Contemporary Debate in Sacred Ground

4. TAKING SIDES AND LOOKING LEFT

Unraveling the Contemporary Debate
Embracing the Fears at the Extremes: Left and Right
Reconsidering the Secular Left from the Perspective of America's Sacred Ground
John Rawls: Compromising America's Sacred Ground with Public Reasons

5. LOOKING RIGHT

Reconsidering the Religious Right from the Perspective of America's Sacred Ground
Accommodation: Compromising America's Sacred Ground by Mediating the Extremes

6. GROUNDING THE DEBATE

Sifting through the Confusion in the Contemporary Debate
Reorienting the Debate to Aim for the Good

CONCLUSION: AMERICA'S SACRED GROUND: OUR CIVIC FAITH

Appendix A. A Few Definitions
Appendix B. Freedom of Conscience in Revolutionary Period Constitutions and Declarations of Rights
Appendix C. Drafts of the Religious Clauses Proposed in the Debates of the First Congress

Notes